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The first design for the Palace of the Assembly
was made by Konstantin A. Jovanović in
1891. At the open competition of 1901 for
the building on the area near the Batal mosque,
the winning work was that of Jovan Ilkić,
which is, in fact, a variant of Jovanović's
solution. The construction of the palace began
in 1907, and the cornerstone was laid by King
Petar I. The construction was not finished
until 1936. It was designed in the manner
of academic traditionalism, with rich interior
decoration, made by, at that time, most famous
artists and craftsmen. In 1939, a monumental
sculptural group made by the famous sculptor
Toma Rosandić was placed in front of
the main entrance. It was named Black horses
are playing.
City
Palaces: The City Palaces are located at the
center of Belgrade. The Old Palace, the Royal
Palace of the Obrenović dynasty of Serbia,
presently housing the City Assembly of Belgrade,
is situated at the corner of Kralja Milana
and Dragoslava Jovanovića streets. It
was built between 1882 and 1884, according
to the design of Aleksandar Bugarski, in the
style of academia of the XIX century, with
intention to surpass all existing residences
of the Serbian rulers. An English author Herbert
Vivien, who visited the Old Palace by the
end of the XIX century, described in detail
its interior: "At the left side, there
is a fine ball room, with walls of lemon-yellow
color, with huge white luster of Venetian
glass, glistening nicely during the state
festivities, lit by electric light. After
passing the large reception hall, you enter
the banquet hall. Everything is glistening
in that hall: starting from the floor up to
the carved mahogany table. Some sixty guests
may be seated around that table. Leather-upholstered
chairs are of the color of autumn leaves.
What is most impressive, is the good taste
characterizing all objects, both those for
use and the adornments. The admiration is
even more caused by the beautiful carved ceilings,
inherited from the Turkish era and fashion..."
The
New Palace: This is adjacent to the Old Palace
built during the Balkan Wars and The Great
War 1913-1918. The Architect was Stojan Titelbah,
and the unfinished building was heavily damaged
during the Austrian bombing of Belgrade so
that a thorough reconstruction had to take
place before the Court officially moved in.
The New Palace was put to regular from 1922
until the completion of the Royal Palace of
Dedinje, it was the official Home of King
Aleksandar I and Queen Maria. The New Palace
was the living quarters of the Royal Couple
and King's Cabinet, and it was here that King
and Queen entertained their private guests.
After the assassination of the King in Marseilles
in 1934, The New Palace was used as temporary
location for the Museum of Prince Paul.
The
building for the Railway Station was constructed
in 1884, on a reclaimed area of what used
to be the Venice pool. It was made by the
ideas of the Viennese architect von Schlicht
and the plans of the architect Dragutin Milutinović,
the professor at the Faculty of Engineering
of the Great School in Belgrade. In that time,
it represented a very successful solution,
by the harmony of architectural forms as well
as by spatial organization. It is in the group
of architectural projects which, in the Principality
and later Kingdom of Serbia, represented the
first acceptance and development of technical
achievements of Europe of that period.
Konak
Kneginje Ljubice was built in 1829-1831 under
the supervision of Hadži-Nikola Živković,
the pioneer of Serbian architecture in the
first half of XIX century. By the order of
Knez Miloš Obrenović it was built as
a living place for his family, Kneginja (Princess)
Ljubica and sons - Milan and Mihailo. The
building is preserved until today as a most
representative urban house of the first half
of XIX century. Its design has all the characteristics
of Oriental architecture, and its variant,
so-called Serbian-Balkan style, but containing
decorative elements of classicism which announced
the influence of the West on the national
architecture in the early period of renewal
of Serbian state. Since the throning of Aleksandar
Karađorđević in 1842, the building
has been used as a Lice, Court of Cassation
and Appeal Court, Museum of Art, Church Museum,
Senior Home, Bureau for Protection of Cultural
Monuments of Serbia, an today it is a part
of the Museum of the City of Belgrade and
it is used for exhibitions of museum material
and paintings. The permanent exhibition in
the Konak consists of original furniture,
made in Oriental-Balkan style as well as in
other styles of that time (classicism, Biedermeier,
neo-baroque).
St.
Mark's Church at Tašmajdan was built in the
1931-1940 period at the place where the old
church from 1835 used to be. It was designed
by architects Petar and Branko Krstić,
in neo-Byzantine style. By general architectural
conception, forms and polychrome of facades,
this temple is most like the Gračanica
monastery. The equipping and decoration of
the temple is still unfinished. At the south
part is a sarcophagus with the remains of
Car Dušan, brought here from his endowment,
the monastery of St. Michael the Archangel
near Prizren.
The
temple is located in the eastern part of Svetosavski
Trg. The construction preparations have lasted
for a very long time, ever since 1894. At
the second open competition in 1926 the architectural
design of the architect Bogdan Nestorović
was selected, with later incorporation of
several elements of the project of the architect
Aleksandar Deroko. The consecration of the
foundations was made by Patriarch Varnava
on September 15, 1935, and when the works
have moved ahead, Patriarch Gavrilo consecrated
and placed the charter in the altar, next
to the cornerstone on May 27, 1939. Further
construction was interrupted by the German
attack on Yugoslavia on April 6, 1941. It
was not until the summer 1984 that the state
permission was obtained to continue the construction
works, so on April 30, 1985, the temple, desecrated
by war and human negligence, was consecrated
again by Patriarch German in the presence
of all Serbian hierarchies, and the charter
on continuing construction works in new historical
circumstances was laid again. Branko Pešić,
an architect and university professor was
appointed protomaster of the construction.
Although still under construction, this monumental
temple represents an organic part of modern
vivid image of Belgrade, being one of its
main features.
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